Kalpnath Rai (4 January 1941 – 6 August 1999) was an Indian politician. He served as a member of the Rajya Sabha between 1974–80, 1980–86, and 1986–92, as well as being elected on four term occasions to the Lok Sabha from the Ghosi constituency in the state of Uttar Pradesh. 1989-1991-1996-1998. He was a minister in various national Congress (I) governments.
Rai is credited with giving Mau the status of a district during his tenure as an MP from Ghosi.
Rai was born in a Bhumihar family and educated at Gorakhpur University in Uttar Pradesh. He had MA degrees in English and Sociology, as well as a LL.B. degree. He practised as an advocate in the Allahabad High Court.
1963-66 General-Secretary, Samajvadi Yuvjan Sabha, Uttar Pradesh
1967-69 Executive Member, Samyukta Socialist Party (S.S.P.)
1969-70 Chairman, National Central Commission, S.S.P.
1974-76 Member, Executive Committee, Congress Parliamentary Party (Indira) [C.P.P.(I)]
1978-79 General-Secretary, C.P.P. (I) Member, All India Congress Committee (Indira) [A.I.C.C.(I)]
June 1980- Joint-Secretary, A.I.C.C. (I)
1980-81 General-Secretary, A.I.C.C. (I)
1980 Member, Rajya Sabha (2nd term)
1982-83 Union Deputy Minister, Parliamentary Affairs; and Industry
1982-84 Union Minister of State, Parliamentary Affairs
1986 Member, Rajya Sabha (3rd term)
1988-89 Union Minister of State, Power
Jan. 1990- Member, Committee on Subordinate Legislation
Aug. 1990 1990-91 Member, Committee on Public Undertakings Member, Consultative Committee, Ministry of Energy
1991 Re-elected to 10th Lok Sabha (2nd term)