Henri Marteau (31 March 1874 – 3 October 1934) was a French violinist and composer.
Marteau's debut was made when he was 10 at a concert given by the Vienna Philharmonic Society conducted by Hans Richter. A tour through Switzerland and Germany followed. A year later Charles Gounod selected him to play the obbligato of Vision de Jeanne d'Arc, composed for the Joan of Arc Centenary Celebration at Reims, where he also performed, before an audience of 2500 people, his teacher Léonard's Violin Concerto No. 5.
Marteau was an advocate of chamber music. On 13 April 1894, he, pianist Ami Lauchame, a violist named Koert, and a cellist named Hegner were reported to have given their second invitation chamber music concert in New York, performing works of Camille Saint-Saëns and Gabriel Fauré; a third concert was scheduled for the following week. By 1906, Marteau was leading a string quartet that broke up in a dispute over a work by Max Reger. In Berlin, he formed another string quartet with his student Licco Amar as second violinist and Hugo Becker as cellist; later, Becker's student George Georgescu would take over the cello position.
Marteau died of pneumonia on his estate in Lichtenberg, Bavaria, at the age of 60.
Meister Schwalbe, Musical Comedy in 1 act (1922)
Andante for violin and orchestra (1891)
Fantaisie in E major for violin and orchestra, Op. 3
Cadenza for the Violin Concerto in D Major, Op. 77 by Johannes Brahms (1904)
Concerto in B♭ major for cello and orchestra, Op. 7 (1905)
Suite in A major for violin and orchestra, Op. 15
Concerto in C major for violin and orchestra, Op. 18 (1919)
Berceuse for violin and piano, Op. 1 (1902)
Berceuse for violin and piano, Op. 2 No. 1
Feuillet d'Album in D minor for viola and piano, Op. 2 No. 2
Andantino in A minor for violin and piano, Op. 2 No. 3
String Quartet No.1 in D♭ major, Op. 5
Chaconne in C minor for viola and piano, Op. 8 (1905)
String Quartet No.2 in D major, Op. 9 (1905)