Emperor Go-Toba (後鳥羽天皇, Go-Toba-tennō; 6 August 1180 – 28 March 1239) was the 82nd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1183 through 1198.
This 12th-century sovereign was named after Emperor Toba, and go- (後, lit. "later") and thus, he is sometimes called the "Later Emperor Toba". The word go has also been translated to mean the "second one"; and in some older sources, this emperor may be identified as "Toba the Second" or as "Toba II".
Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (his imina) was Takahira-shinnō (尊成親王). He was also known as Takanari-shinnō
He was the fourth son of Emperor Takakura, and thus grandson of Emperor Go-Shirakawa. His mother was Bōmon Shokushi (坊門殖子, Empress Dowager Shichijō-in, 七条院), daughter of Bōmon Nobutaka (坊門信隆) of the Fujiwara clan.
Empress (chūgū): Fujiwara no Ninshi / Takako, later Gishūmon-in (宜秋門院), Kujō Kanezane's daughter
First Daughter: Imperial Princess Shōshi, later Shunkamon-in (春華門院, 1195–1211) – unmarried Empress as adopted mother of Emperor Juntoku
Consort: Minamoto no Zaishi / Ariko (源在子) later Shomeimon-in (承明門院; 1171–1257), Minamoto no Michichika's adopted daughter and priest Nōen's daughter
First Son: Imperial Prince Tamehito (為仁親王) later Emperor Tsuchimikado
Consort: Fujiwara no Shigeko (藤原重子) later Shumeimon-in (修明門院; 1182–1264), Takakura Norisue's daughter
Third Son: Imperial Prince Morinari (守成親王) later Emperor Juntoku
Imperial Prince Masanari (雅成親王, exiled after Jōkyū War)
Imperial Prince Priest Sonkai (尊快法親王, 1204–1246) – Head Priest of Enryaku-ji Temple (Tendai Zasu, 天台座主)
Court lady: Bōmon no Tsubone (坊門局), Bōmon Nobukiyo's daughter
Imperial Prince Nagahito (長仁親王, 1196–1249) later Imperial Prince Priest Dōjo (道助法親王), become 8th Head priest of Ninna-ji Temple
Third Daughter: Imperial Princess Reishi (礼子内親王; 1200–1273) later Kayōmon-in (嘉陽門院)
Imperial Prince Yorihito (頼仁親王, 1201–1264) (exiled after Jōkyū Incident)
Court lady: Hyōe-no-kami no Tsubone (兵衛督局), Minamoto no Nobuyasu's daughter
Second Daughter: Imperial Princess Shukushi (粛子内親王; b.1196) (Takatsuji Saigū, 高辻斎宮) – Saiō at Ise Shrine 1199–1210